The Indian Air Force (IAF) is considering expanding its fleet of fighter aircraft to enhance its readiness against evolving security challenges posed by neighbouring countries. Currently, the IAF operates 31 squadrons, each comprising 16&ndash;18 jets, falling short of the sanctioned strength of 42 squadrons. This shortfall has raised concerns about the IAF's capacity to effectively counter simultaneous threats from both Pakistan and China.
Strategic Review of Squadron Strength
An internal assessment following the May 2025 skirmish with Pakistan highlighted the inadequacy of the current fleet size. Sources within the military establishment suggest that the IAF's mandated strength may need to increase by 30&ndash;35% to address future security scenarios effectively. This proposal is under review and would require approval from the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS).
Challenges in Fleet Modernisation
The IAF's fleet modernisation efforts have faced delays, particularly concerning the induction of the Tejas Mk-1A fighter jet. Despite initial plans for deliveries to commence in March 2024, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) has yet to deliver a single unit. The delay is attributed to issues in the supply of F-404 engines from the United States, which are critical for the Tejas Mk-1A's operation. In response, France has offered to establish a complete engine manufacturing ecosystem in India, aiming to reduce reliance on foreign suppliers.
Comparative Analysis with Neighbouring Forces
The IAF's current fleet strength is approximately 29 squadrons, a significant reduction from its peak of 41 squadrons in 1996. In contrast, China's People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) boasts a combined strength of nearly 1,900 fighter jets, and Pakistan's Air Force continues to expand its fleet. This disparity underscores the urgency for India to bolster its aerial capabilities to maintain strategic parity.&nbsp;
Path Forward
To address these challenges, the IAF is exploring several avenues:
 1. Accelerated Induction of Tejas Mk-1A: HAL aims to deliver the first two Tejas Mk-1A jets by October 2025, contingent upon the completion of pending weapon trials.
2. Enhanced Engine Supply: Negotiations with GE Aerospace are underway to expedite the delivery of F-404 engines, with an expected 3&ndash;5 units by October 2025.
3. Diversification of Engine Sources: Collaborations with France and Russia are being considered to establish a more resilient and self-reliant engine supply chain.
4. Upgradation of Existing Fleet: The IAF plans to upgrade its fleet of SEPECAT Jaguar aircraft to the DARIN III configuration, enhancing their operational capabilities.
These measures are part of a broader strategy to strengthen India's air defence infrastructure and ensure preparedness against potential threats. The outcome of the ongoing review and subsequent decisions will significantly impact the future trajectory of the IAF's combat readiness.

India's Air Force contemplates increasing fighter squadrons to counter evolving threats

IAF Considers Expanding Fleet Amid Rising Security

India's Air Force contemplates increasing fighter squadrons to counter evolving threats

September 22, 2025 | 18:09 IST