India and Russia have finalised a landmark defence agreement under which New Delhi will lease a nuclear-powered attack submarine worth nearly $2 billion, marking one of the most significant military pacts sealed during President Vladimir Putin&rsquo;s two-day visit to India. The deal, years in negotiation, underscores the strategic depth of the India-Russia partnership despite mounting global scrutiny.
Officials familiar with the matter said the vessel larger than the two submarines India previously leased is expected to be delivered within two years, though the project&rsquo;s complexity may push timelines. The submarine will not be used in combat under the lease terms; instead, it will serve as a training and technology platform as India accelerates its indigenous nuclear-submarine programme.
The accord comes at a time when New Delhi is navigating pressure from Washington over Russian oil imports and defence ties. Yet India has reiterated its strategic autonomy, even as it negotiates tariff relief with the US. Putin&rsquo;s visit is aimed at reinforcing cooperation in defence, nuclear energy and trade as the two countries attempt to insulate bilateral ties from geopolitical headwinds.
India continues expanding its undersea nuclear deterrent with a fleet of domestically built ballistic-missile submarines, while simultaneously advancing plans for a new line of nuclear-powered attack submarines. The Russian vessel, leased for a decade with maintenance support, is expected to play a crucial role in enhancing the Navy&rsquo;s operational readiness in the Indian Ocean, where strategic competition is intensifying.

10-year submarine lease cleared during Putin visit; delivery expected within two years

India, Russia Seal $2bn Nuclear Sub Deal

10-year submarine lease cleared during Putin visit; delivery expected within two years

December 5, 2025 | 24:54 IST